immersionlog

〜だに

even (just) thinking; not even

Verb dictionary form (考える, 想像する, 聞く) + だに · Noun + だに + negative

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だに is a literary "even" with two uses.

After a verb of thinking or hearing, it means "just doing that is enough": 考えるだに恐ろしい, "it's terrifying even to think about". The verbs are few (考える, 想像する, 聞く), and the second half is a strong feeling like 恐ろしい or ぞっとする. The everyday version is だけで.

After a noun with a negative, it means "not even": 夢にだに思わなかった, "I never even dreamt of it". 微動だにしない, "doesn't budge an inch", is a fixed phrase.

It's old-fashioned and appears mostly in fixed expressions and literary writing. Compare すら and さえ, which are more flexible.

Examples

  • 考かんがえるだに恐おそろしい。

    It's terrifying even to think about.

  • 想像そうぞうするだにぞっとする。

    Just imagining it gives me the shivers.

  • こんな日ひが来くるとは、夢ゆめにだに思おもわなかった。

    I never even dreamt this day would come.

  • 兵士へいしたちは微動びどうだにしなかった。

    The soldiers didn't budge an inch.

  • 聞きくだに恐おそろしい話はなしだ。

    It's a story that's frightening just to hear.

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